A necropolítica do sistema penitenciário brasileiro: a supressão da existência das populações periféricas pelo Estado Democrático de Direito

Abstract

This undergraduate thesis aims to analyze Brazil's mass incarceration policy through the lens of necropolitics, a concept developed by Achille Mbembe that reveals how the State determines who should live and who may die. The research starts from the observation that the Brazilian prison system operates as a mechanism of death management, mainly targeting peripheral, Black, and socially vulnerable populations. Using a theoretical and documentary approach grounded in critical criminology, penal guarantees, and human rights, the study demonstrates that the Brazilian prison system fails in its stated role of rehabilitation and, in practice, acts as an instrument of rights violations and the perpetuation of social inequalities. The work also presents possible alternatives to overcome this model, such as the adoption of restorative practices, social inclusion policies, and strengthening access to education. In conclusion, the study affirms that dismantling the necropolitical punitive model and constructing a justice system committed to human dignity are essential