Aporofobia, violência simbólica e desigualdades silenciadas: exclusão e invisibilidade da pobreza à luz dos direitos e garantias fundamentais em um diálogo entre Adela Cortina e Pierre Bourdieu, sob a ótica das narrativas das pessoas em situação de rua

Abstract

This study addresses aporophobia, symbolic violence, silenced inequalities, and the exclusion and invisibility of poverty considering fundamental rights and guarantees. It employs a qualitative and descriptive research approach, with the theories of Adela Cortina and Pierre Bourdieu serving as theoretical frameworks. The central research question is: how do manifestations of aporophobia, symbolic violence, and silenced inequalities present themselves in the context of fundamental rights and guarantees, from the perspective of the dialogue between Adela Cortina (2020) and Pierre Bourdieu (1987), through the narratives and perceptions of homeless individuals in Vitória, Espírito Santo? The hypothesis posits that aporophobia and symbolic violence are not confined to isolated individual prejudices but are deeply rooted in the stigma associated with poverty, reinforced by fear or aversion to the different, which promotes invisibility, symbolic violence, and dehumanization of the poor across all societal segments. The general objective of this study is to investigate the manifestations of aporophobia, symbolic violence, and silenced inequalities considering fundamental rights and guarantees from the perspective of the narratives of homeless individuals, based on Adela Cortina's (2020) concept of aporophobia in dialogue with Pierre Bourdieu's (1987) understanding of inequality, exclusion, and symbolic violence. An empirical research approach is adopted, involving direct interaction with homeless individuals. Ultimately, the presence of aporophobia and symbolic violence is verified in the voices of the research participants, a result that calls for and demands actions involving both the reformulation of public policies and the promotion of the ethics of solidarity, aiming to foster the construction of a more inclusive and less segregated democratic society